Pakistan
Pakistan is an Islamic republic in the South Asian region with centuries-old unbroken ties with Saudi Arabia. While not a traditional member of the Group of 20, one should watch out for possible inclusion. According to a 2010 estimate by the Pew Research Center, Pakistan is home to 90% of South Asia’s population and 35% of the world’s Muslim population.
It covers 710,730 square miles in northwestern South Asia, ranging from the forests of the Hindu Kush to arid salt flats, lush green rivers, plains and deserts bordering Iran and Afghanistan in the southwest. There is no official record for extreme temperatures, but it is second only to China in terms of a comfortable climate, just short of Switzerland’s duet of mountains, deserts and rivers. with their tributaries including the Pamir Plateau and the Tien Shan chain. Tribute is paid to the Indus River that drains from these high mountains. To the west is the Indian Ocean, to the east is the Amu Darya, the border with Afghanistan. The region includes the Thar Desert and is known for its sandy beaches, salt flats, lakes, rocky mountains and forests. Sind Province
History
Pakistan was created in 1947 with the partition of India. In the same year, Pakistan became a separate nation and started building a personality cult around its founder, Muhammad Ali Jinnah. The country was declared independent on 14 August 1947. .In the early days of Pakistan, it was a Hindu-majority Muslim country. It is also one of the few nations in South Asia to have a predominantly Muslim population. In fact, 70% of its population is now Muslim only. However, this left Pakistan with a long history of bigotry and injustice. As the country experienced rapid growth and development under British rule , Pakistan was also much better known for its role in the partition of India. In 1947, the East and West Punjab (now called Punjab) were divided along religious lines between a predominantly Hindu India and a Muslim-majority Pakistan. The Indian Partition took place on 14 August 1947, with most of what is now Pakistan (and present-day India) being taken over by the new state of Pakistan.
Old History
The Muslim Empire split into two separate kingdoms at its peak in 1206: the Mughal Empire and the Delhi Empire. The Sultanate of Delhi, which would eventually form what is now Pakistan and Bangladesh, was founded by Muhammad Ghori, who conquered India from Mahmud Tughluq. But it was only under the rule of the British East India Company that the future territories of Pakistan and Bangladesh were united. At that time, the Mughal Empire ruled the south-eastern region of Bengal, present-day Pakistan. . In 1857 Indian rebellions led to the establishment of British rule and Bengal was divided into two territories: the British Raj and the Nawab of Dacca. . The British Raj later established the Bengali Presidency. On March 25, 1947, Muhammad Ali Jinnah declared Pakistan an independent country. After the British withdrawal, the Bengali Presidency became part of Pakistan in 1947 and then East Pakistan in 1949. East Bengal was renamed “Bangladesh” by Presidential Order on 10 January 1972.
Two Nations Theory
The Pakistani two-nation theory posits that the Indo-Aryan people of the Greek Buddhist or Hindu civilization founded Pakistan to create a highly diverse and multi-religious nation.
The theory holds that prior to partition in 1947, most of the population was Muslim, although there has been a sizeable minority of Hindus and Sikhs throughout history. The term “Hindu” is not used by everyone due to India’s minority status as the state religion. The term is used by many including scholars and the Indian government. The Muslim League wanted to create an Islamic nation at the time of partition by creating a homeland for Muslims only, as it did not see non-Muslims as equal citizens. After independence in 1947, however, this changed and it was decided to admit non-Muslims on an equal footing with Muslims
Mohammad Ali Jinnah led the Conservatives and Syed Ahmad Khan the Unitarians until they united and formed Pakistan before independence in 1947. The newly independent nation did not last long. Afghanistan invaded West Pakistan and fought back in East Pakistan with international support. . The United States, the Soviet Union and China supported West Pakistan. After many years of struggle, East Pakistan gained independence from West Pakistan in 1971 and became Bangladesh. The founding of Pakistan was the result of a joint effort by Mohammad Ali Jinnah, leader of the Muslim League, and Syed Ahmad Khan, leader of the Khilafat movement. They banded together to create Pakistan as an Islamic homeland for Muslims only, as they did not see non-Muslims as equal citizens. But after independence in 1947
Geography
Pakistan consists of 4 provinces and 4 federal territories, which in turn are divided into 126 administrative districts. The country borders Afghanistan to the west, India to the northwest, China to the north, Iran and Turkmenistan to the northeast, and Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan to the southeast
Pakistan is a majority Muslim country, home to about 210 million people, according to global census data. With around 18% non-Muslims, including 1% Hinduism, 2% Christianity and 3% Sikhism, it is one of the most culturally diverse countries in the world. Historically, the influence of Islam continues to encroach on more western cities, with urbanization also increasing, leading to precarious income disparities between social classes based on religion or ethnicity. Pakistan is not a secular country and its constitution upholds Islam as the country’s official religion. However, it is largely a traditional society with cultural norms such as women wearing veils and long dresses not differing much compared to other parts of the world.
Politics
Pakistan, the first democratic republic in South Asia, has also been referred to as the Islamic Republic because its establishment is largely attributed to East Pakistan’s secession from the son at the end of the 1971 India War. The federal government emerged after 1975, when the country was declared an Islamic state by General Zia-ul-Haq. . Promulgated in 1973 and amended in 1976, Pakistan’s constitution further consolidated Islamic law. The country became a member of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) for the first time in December 2011.
Imran Khan is the leader of the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) political party, which came to power through democratic elections after nearly two years in office. Pakistan is currently ranked 135 out of 180 nations in the Corruption Perceptions Index, a ranking of countries based on how corrupt their public sector is perceived.
Culture
The importance of Pakistani culture has prompted both Pakistanis and foreigners to try to establish their own understanding or interpretation of aspects of Pakistani society including religion, literature, language and arts. . Pakistan has four official languages, Urdu, English, Sindhi and Punjabi. Urdu is the national language of Pakistan. Its standard form is based on the 16th-century Delhi variant of Hindustani. Since then, it has changed a lot with the influence of Persian and Arabic, as well as other Indian languages such as Hindi and Bengali. Punjabi is the most commonly spoken language in Pakistan. Its standard dialect of Sikhism is Punjabi while the form of Punjabi used by Muslims is Pakhtoonki. Sindhi and Baluchi are also spoken in parts of Pakistan, but primarily in Karachi. English became the official language of Pakistan on March 26, 1972, making it the country’s native language.
Art
Pakistani art has become a mainstream success in recent years. Indie bands and installations are arguably more common in these art galleries and museums, leading to their popularity with the masses. Pakistan’s art market is growing and has a much broader spectrum in terms of what it is trying to achieve which can lead to the market becoming saturated and changing the way it operates. Historically, the Pakistani art market has been dominated by two types of artists: traditional artists and modern artists.
It can be difficult to experience as an outsider as it requires an almost entirely different culture. This perspective makes the people of Pakistan feel that they have to use terms like “the proud land of poets” or “the spiritual home of great artists” to explain or justify their talent.